Parisilabic, imparisilabic
Declinarea a III-a
Declinarea a treia cuprinde substantive de toate
genurile, care au la G.sg. terminatia –is. Gramaticile traditionale impart substantivele de declinarea
a treia in doua clase, in functie de paritatea sau imparitatea
numarului de silabe de la N.sg. si G.sg., in:
parisilabice:
civis, civis, m.
(cetatean); ovis, ovis, f.
(oaie); mare, maris, n. (mare)
imparisilabice:
homo, hominis, m. (om); origo, originis,
f. (origine); carmen, carminis, n. (cantec, poezie)
Terminatiile cazuale ale substantivelor masculine
si feminine:
Singular Plural
Parisil. Imparisil. Parisil. Imparisil.
N.V. diverse diverse -es -es
G. -is -is -ium -um
D. -i -i -ibus -ibus
Ac. -em -em -es -es
Abl. -e -e -ibus -ibus
Terminatiile
cazuale ale substantivelor neutre:
Singular Plural
Parisil. Imparisil Parisil. Imparisil.
N.Ac.N. diverse diverse -ia -a
G. -is -is -ium -um
D. -i -i -ibus -ibus
Abl. -i -e -ibus -ibus
Exemple:
Singular Plural
N.V. civis homo cives homines
G. civis hominis civium hominum
D. civī hominī civĭbus hominĭbus
Ac. civem hominem cives homines
Abl. civĕ hominĕ civĭbus hominĭbus
N.Ac.V. mare carmen maria carmina
G. maris carminis marium carminum
D. marī carminī marĭbus carminĭbus
Abl. marī carminĕ marĭbus carminĭbus
Observatii:
- Unele monosilabicele terminate, la N.sg., in grup consonantic, au la
G.pl. terminatia –ium,
desi au aspect de imparisilabice:
gens, gentis – G.pl. gentium
pars, partis - G.pl. partium
mons, montis – G.pl. montium
- Neutrele terminate in –e, -al,
ar se declina ca parisilabicele:
mare, maris – maria, marium
animal, animalis – animalia,
animalium
calcar, calcaris (pinten) –
calcaria, calcarium
- O serie de
substantive cu aspect parisilabic au la G.pl. terminatia –um:
mater, matris
(mama) – matrum
pater, patris
(tata) - patrum
frater, fratris
(frate) - fratrum
iuvenis, -is
(tanar) - iuvenum
canis, -is (caine) -
canum
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